2.3. POLITICAL, GOVERNMENTAL, AND LEGAL FORCES
GOVERMENT REGULATIONS
In the last two reports of the World Bank Doing Business, which assesses the impact of government regulations on the environment of the business-, Colombia results have been satisfactory. For the second year running, the country ranked among the 10 nations of the world made more reforms to improve the business environment, and advanced 30 places between 2006 and 2008, to settle at the position 53 among 181 economies evaluated.
Concrete actions in the short and medium term are also provided with 15 specific action plans: world-class sectors, leap in productivity and employment, agriculture, business formalization, formalization labor, science, technology and innovation, education and job skills, infrastructure mining and energy, logistics and transportation infrastructure, financial deepening, tax simplification, information technology, enforcing contracts, environmental sustainability and institutional strengthening.
ENVIROMENT PROTECTION LAWS
We can find quantities of rules to protect the environment from the constitution to decrees, rules, laws, etc .; but the most influential for our project is in terms of deforestation by cutting down trees.
DECREE 1791 OF 1996
(October 4)
whereby the forestry regime is established.
The President of the Republic of Colombia,
In exercise of his constitutional and legal powers and especially those conferred by paragraph 11 of Article 189 of the Constitution and Article 5 of Law 99 of 1993,
CHAPTER IX
The use of wild plant products for commercial purposes
Article 61º.- When seeking to obtain products from wild flora natural forest, on land owned by public or private land for commercial purposes, without their extraction involves the removal of the wooded area in which there are, the applicant must submit application to the appropriate body, accompanied by at least the following information and documents.
1341 ACT OF 2009
(July 30)
Partially regulated by the National Decree 2693 of 2012, Partially regulated by the National Decree 2573 of 2014 which principles and concepts of information society and define the organization of Information Technology and Communications -ICT- is creates the National Spectrum Agency and other provisions are issued
ANTITRUST LEGISLATION
It was thought to create an articulated that sought to intervene the market for mobile communications in the country by creating ceilings of 30 percent participation of enterprises, that is, no company could have a number of clients that exceed such percentage of total mobile phone users in Colombia.
The project under discussion sought to prevent a provider of telecommunications networks and services, directly or indirectly, can have a share of more than 30 percent of the market (customers and accounts) portion, according to the bill.
Any company that has a market share exceeding the established market, would have a period of two years to adjust to this.
the project collapsed just days after he publicly President Juan Manuel Santos complained about the poor quality of cellular service.
Now the course operator has a very large market share, slightly above 60 percent, according to the last measurement I've seen.
http://www.portafolio.co/economia/proyecto-antimonopolio-colombia
http://www.portafolio.co/economia/proyecto-ley-antimonopolio-colombia
http://www.dinero.com/pais/articulo/la-caida-ley-antimonopolio-tiene-plan/177067
NUMBER OF PATENTS
Colombia is far behind in the international arena in terms of patents is concerned: this year have filed with the Superintendency of Industry and Commerce (SIC) 1,244 applications, of which 572 have been granted.
They occur annually around 2,000 patent applications in the country, and only one in 10 is a national. The total this year, 1,110 are foreigners and only 134 national, and granted, 515 are foreign and 57 Colombians
Maria Piedad Villaveces, executive director of the Colombian Association for the Advancement of Science, agrees that there is knowledge, because "universities generate projects that are in the archives of ignorance of the rules to patent
To give an idea of business sectors that most patents are granted in the last 10 years 56 percent is related to mechanical engineering inventions; 21 percent, the area of chemical engineering; 7 percent, to electrical engineering; 5 percent, to products of biotechnology; 8 percent pure chemistry; and 3 percent to pharmaceutical chemistry
SIZE OF GOVERNMENT BUDGETS
The General Budget of the Nation will have a significant period in 2016 as a direct result of the fall in international oil prices, natural resource that generates higher revenues to the Colombian State. The price of oil has also affected other economic areas allowing foresee a sharp contraction of the economy in the near future.